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The Internet
- Started in 1962 as ARPANET to connect computers from 4 universities
- UCLA & Stanford, and Utah and UCSB later on
- In the 1980s, it became public to personal computers
- Data is sent in packets rather than the entire content at once,
- This helps data be send quicker, since the data is transmitted in chunks rather than the whole at once
CERN
- In 1989, Tim Bernes-Lee at CERN helped standardize web technologies including HTML, HTTP, and URI.
timeline 1990: First website created in CERN 1991: Allowed access from outside of CERN 1993: CERN established that WWW would be royality-free
Protocols
- IP → Internet Protocol
- Specifies how data is transmitted
- IP addresses → unique identifiers for machines, similar to phone numbers
- IPv4 - 4 chunks of numbers from
- IE:
192.168.1.1
or127.0.0.1
- IE:
- IPv6 - 6 chunks of hexadecimal data
- IE:
2001:0000:130F:0000:0000:09C0:876A:130B
- IE:
- IPv4 - 4 chunks of numbers from
- HTTP → Hypertext Transmission Protocol
- HTTPs → Hypertext Transmission Protocol Secured
- FTP → File Transfer Protocol
Domains
- Domain names connect IP addresses to domains (IE:
google.com
goes to64.233.177.138
) - Generic TLD established in 2005
- Generic TLDs include
.fun
,.cool
, etc.
- Generic TLDs include
- In 2012, companies could submit ownership for TLDs
- URL → Uniform Resource Locator
Assignment
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